Plagiarism and similarity

Plagiarism is the use of another person's words, ideas, data, images or results without proper acknowledgement. Journal of Education Development & Technology Research does not tolerate plagiarism in any form and checks every manuscript for it.

How manuscripts are checked

1. Every submission is checked with similarity-detection software against published literature, the web and other submissions before peer review.
2. The editor reads the similarity report. The overall percentage is a guide only: what matters is where the overlap is and whether it is properly quoted and cited.
3. Accepted manuscripts are checked again before publication.

What counts as plagiarism

• Copying text, figures, tables or data from another source without quotation marks and citation.
• Paraphrasing another work closely without acknowledging it.
• Translating another author's work into another language and presenting it as original.
• Self-plagiarism: reusing substantial parts of the authors' own published work without citation, including publishing the same results twice (duplicate or redundant publication) or splitting one study into several articles (salami slicing).
• Using text or images produced by generative tools that reproduce others' work without attribution.

What happens when it is found

• Before publication: depending on the extent, the authors are asked to rewrite and cite properly, or the manuscript is declined. Serious cases may be reported to the authors' institution.
• After publication: the case is handled under the corrections and retractions policy and may lead to a correction or retraction.
• All cases follow the relevant COPE flowchart and the authors are given the chance to respond.

Methods sections and standard phrases naturally overlap with earlier work. Reusing a short description of one's own method is acceptable when the earlier paper is cited.